Oxera AI Policy Map – January 2026
For this third edition of the AI Policy Map,1 we have updated our database that tracks key national and supranational AI policy developments across the European Economic Area (EEA) and the UK. This curated collection brings together legal texts, strategy documents and other influential publications relevant to the… Read More
Oxera AI policy map – October 2025
Drawing on Oxera’s combined expertise in digital policy and regulation, as well as in analytics, data science and AI, we have developed a database that tracks key national and supranational AI policy developments across the European Economic Area (EEA) and the UK. This curated collection brings together legal texts, strategy… Read More
A map of AI policies in the EEA and UK
Oxera offers an overview of AI-related policies in EEA countries and the UK through an interactive map. This AI Policy Map allows users to follow developments in AI regulation and examine national policy approaches in more detail. Artificial intelligence (AI) is driving technological change at an unprecedented pace, transforming industries,… Read More
The Big McBroadband index: a recipe for more meaningful cross-country price comparisons
Price benchmarking exercises are an often used tool by policymakers. When comparing prices across countries, common practice is to make purchasing power parity (PPP) adjustments to control for differences in local price levels and the cost of living (e.g. wages, rent, and taxation). This helps shift the focus from… Read More
Ctrl+Alt+Unemployed? The economics of AI at work
As AI continues to reshape industries and redefine the nature of work, its impact on labour markets is a topic of growing debate and concern. With AI’s rapid advancements, we are entering an era of both unprecedented opportunities and challenges. Should we fear widespread job displacement, or welcome AI’s ability… Read More
The Oxera Energy Model: price coupling in the European energy mix
Oxera’s new Energy Model enables detailed analysis of a range of future scenarios involving the energy generation mix in Europe. The interactive map below showcases one example relating to price coupling. (For an introduction to this topic, see Oxera’s Agenda article from April 2023.)… Read More
Understanding and influencing behaviour: economics vs science
Have you heard the terms behavioural science and behavioural economics floating around? Individuals, corporations and governments are turning to both in the quest to understand and change human behaviour—but does their application add value? And what is the difference between these two similarly named disciplines? With reference to our… Read More
Computer move? Chess cheaters and the limits of algorithmic detection
In September 2022, World Chess Champion Magnus Carlsen dramatically quit a tournament after losing a game to teenage Grandmaster Hans Moke Niemann, leading many to accuse Niemann of cheating. Niemann has since launched a court case for slander, libel and unlawful group boycott against Carlsen and other members of… Read More
Agents of change: bringing economic models closer to reality
Ever wondered how economic models can describe people and their behaviour? Agent-based modelling (ABM) may be the answer. It allows economists to explore complex systems and phenomena in a bottom-up, data-driven way. Unlike traditional economic models, which are often constrained by assumptions and simplifications, ABM offers a flexible and… Read More
Who doesn’t invest and why? A behavioural data science perspective
As we adjust to a high inflation environment, those who are fortunate enough to have savings are seeing their purchasing power erode by up to 10% per year. In the UK, one way to mitigate the effects of inflation is through investing in Stocks and Shares ISAs. But why… Read More