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7 minute read
Depiction of Fragmentation, competition and the EU CSD landscape

Fragmentation, competition and the EU CSD landscape

There is growing attention from policymakers on the design and functioning of the market for central securities depository (CSD) services in the EU.1 This is an important debate with implications for investment and the real economy. The efficiency of trading and post-trading services affects overall execution costs for… Read More

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Depiction of What can the private sector do to promote and scale up climate adaptation?

What can the private sector do to promote and scale up climate adaptation?

Climate change is no longer a future threat, it’s a present-day reality that is reshaping economies, ecosystems, and societies around the world. As mitigation is no longer enough; adaptation is essential. Yet, despite increasing recognition of the need to invest in adaptation, global efforts remain fragmented and underfunded. In our… Read More

Driving demand for low-carbon commodities: a market-based approach

Steel and cement are essential to the global economy, generating nearly USD 3 trillion annually, yet they account for around 16% of global CO₂ emissions. Decarbonising these sectors is therefore critical to any credible net-zero pathway. Emerging technologies, such as hydrogen-based steelmaking, clinker substitution, and carbon capture, exist, but commercial… Read More

Image depicting Driving demand for low-carbon commodities: a market-based approach